Niacinamide, also known as Vitamin B3, is one of the most versatile and well studied ingredients in modern skincare. It supports barrier repair, regulates oil production, reduces inflammation and improves uneven skin tone. Because of this broad range of effects, it suits most skin types and is often a cornerstone ingredient in long term skin routines.
Niacinamide plays an important role in cellular energy metabolism and skin homeostasis. At a cellular level, it supports processes involved in DNA repair, lipid synthesis and barrier recovery.
One of its most important actions is its ability to stimulate the production of ceramides, cholesterol and free fatty acids. These lipids form the foundation of the skin barrier.
A healthy barrier retains moisture more effectively, reduces sensitivity and protects against environmental stressors such as pollution and irritants.
By improving lipid synthesis within the epidermis, niacinamide strengthens the skin barrier. This leads to:
• Improved hydration retention
• Reduced transepidermal water loss
• Increased skin resilience
• Reduced sensitivity and irritation
This makes niacinamide particularly useful for people with compromised, sensitised or post procedure skin, as well as those using active ingredients such as retinoids or exfoliating acids.
Niacinamide helps regulate sebaceous gland activity. Over time, this can lead to reduced excess oil production and fewer congestion related breakouts.
While niacinamide does not physically shrink pores, improving oil balance and reducing inflammation can make pores appear less prominent and skin texture look more refined.
Niacinamide has well documented anti inflammatory properties. It helps calm redness, blotchiness and irritation by modulating inflammatory pathways within the skin.
This makes it useful for acne prone skin, reactive skin and conditions where inflammation contributes to visible redness and barrier dysfunction.
Niacinamide interferes with melanosome transfer from melanocytes to surrounding skin cells. This helps improve uneven skin tone, post inflammatory marks and overall brightness with consistent use.
It does not bleach pigment. Instead, it supports more even pigment distribution over time.
Niacinamide is generally well tolerated and can be used once or twice daily. Most people benefit from consistent daily use, particularly when paired with sunscreen in the morning and barrier supporting products at night.
Very high concentrations may cause flushing or irritation in some individuals, particularly those with sensitive or reactive skin. Introducing niacinamide gradually can help minimise this risk.
The take home message
Niacinamide is a true multitasking ingredient. It strengthens the skin barrier, balances oil production, calms inflammation and improves uneven tone. For many people, it forms one of the most reliable foundations of a long term, evidence based skincare routine.
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Written by Dr Brandon Kober-Brown MBBS, ProfDipMensHlth, GCCM
Registered Medical Practitioner (General Registration) MED0002581903
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