Vitamin C: What It Really Does for Your Skin

Vitamin C is one of the most researched and widely used ingredients in skincare. It plays a central role in collagen production, pigmentation control and protection against environmental damage. When formulated and used correctly, Vitamin C can significantly improve skin brightness, firmness and overall resilience.

Why Vitamin C matters biologically

Vitamin C is an essential cofactor in collagen synthesis. It is required for the enzymes that stabilise and cross link collagen fibres. Without adequate Vitamin C, newly formed collagen is weaker and more prone to breakdown.

It is also a powerful antioxidant. This means it helps neutralise free radicals generated by ultraviolet exposure, pollution and daily oxidative stress.

Vitamin C and collagen support

Fibroblasts rely on Vitamin C to form strong, organised collagen fibres. Regular topical use supports:

• Increased collagen formation
• Improved firmness and elasticity
• Reduced fine lines over time
• Better wound healing and repair

This is one reason Vitamin C is often paired with retinoids and sunscreen in long term skin plans.

Vitamin C and pigmentation

Vitamin C interferes with melanin production and helps brighten uneven skin tone. It does this by inhibiting tyrosinase, the enzyme involved in pigment formation.

With consistent use, Vitamin C can help improve:

• Dull skin tone
• Sun related pigmentation
• Post inflammatory marks
• Overall brightness and clarity

Vitamin C and environmental protection

While sunscreen blocks ultraviolet radiation, Vitamin C reduces oxidative damage that occurs from residual exposure and pollution. This makes it a key part of daytime skincare routines.

Different forms of Vitamin C

The most studied form is L ascorbic acid. It is highly effective but can be irritating in higher concentrations and is less stable.

Gentler and more stable derivatives include:
• Sodium ascorbyl phosphate
• Magnesium ascorbyl phosphate
• Ascorbyl glucoside

These offer similar benefits with improved tolerability, particularly for sensitive skin.

How often should Vitamin C be used

Most people benefit from daily morning use. It is best applied before moisturiser and sunscreen.

Who should be cautious

People with very sensitive skin, rosacea, eczema or compromised barriers should introduce Vitamin C gradually.

The take home message

Vitamin C is a cornerstone ingredient for collagen support, pigmentation control and environmental protection. It is not a quick fix, but when used consistently, it supports brighter, stronger and more resilient skin over time.

-

Written by Dr Brandon Kober-Brown MBBS, ProfDipMensHlth, GCCM
Registered Medical Practitioner (General Registration) MED0002581903

More from The Journal